Selenium uses WebElement to perform or automate websites. Working with WebElement on modern sites is a challenge as the no of these elements are high with varying degree of complexity. This in turn creates a big problem when working under the hood.
The best practice is to make as minimum changes in the test as possible when reconstruction are needed for testing.
What is Page Object Pattern and Page Factory?
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Below given is the general Selenium test practice,
And this is how the Page object pattern works,